From Machine and Tape to Structure and Function: Formulation of a Reflexively Computing System

  • Authors:

  • Chris Salzberg

  • Affiliations:

  • Ikegami Lab Department of General Systems Studies Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902, Japan chris@sacral.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp

  • Venue:
  • Artificial Life
  • Year:
  • 2006

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Abstract

The relationship between structure and function is explored via a system of labeled directed graph structures upon which a single elementary read/write rule is applied locally. Boundaries between static (information-carrying) and active (information-processing) objects, imposed by mandate of the rules or physics in earlier models, emerge instead as a result of a structure-function dynamic that is reflexive: objects may operate directly on their own structure. A representation of an arbitrary Turing machine is reproduced in terms of structural constraints by means of a simple mapping from tape squares and machine states to a uniform medium of nodes and links, establishing computation universality. Exploiting flexibility of the formulation, examples of other unconventional “self-computing” structures are demonstrated. A straightforward representation of a kinematic machine system based on the model devised by Laing is also reproduced in detail. Implications of the findings are discussed in terms of their relation to other formal models of computation and construction. It is argued that reflexivity of the structure-function relationship is a critical informational dynamic in biochemical systems, overlooked in previous models but well captured by the proposed formulation.