VR '01 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality 2001 Conference (VR'01)
Semantic pointing: improving target acquisition with control-display ratio adaptation
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: IEEE VR 2005
Accurate on-line avatar control with collision anticipation
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
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We investigated the ability of a user in a head-mounted display virtual environment to detect a virtual hand avatar moving at a speed different than that of the real hand. We measured discrepancy detection thresholds for each of the six cardinal directions of 3-space (left, right, up, down, toward, and away). For each of these six directions we measured two discrepancy detection thresholds: one for when the avatar hand moved more quickly than the real hand and one for when it moved more slowly. We found a trend that users are less sensitive to increases in hand avatar speed than they are to decreases. The amount the hand avatar speed can be increased without a user noticing is surprisingly large. This information is useful for techniques that require introducing hand-avatar motion discrepancy, such as a technique for recovering from the position discrepancy introduced by simulated surface constraints.