Robust image watermarking in the spatial domain
Signal Processing
A Stochastic Approach to Content Adaptive Digital Image Watermarking
IH '99 Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Information Hiding
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Analysis and design of watermarking algorithms for improved resistance to compression
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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In this paper, we describe the adaptive hybrid watermarking scheme to improve the watermark detector's performance. In the hybrid watermarking, the conventional spatial watermarking and QIM scheme are applied simultaneously to the spatial domain of the image. According to the edge-map of the image the spatial watermarking is applied to the flat region and the QIM is applied to the high frequency region including edge and texture. The threshold between flat and edge is decided empirically and watermark blocks are embedded repeatedly into the image. In the detection process, we show how to estimate the threshold value by ACF(Auto-Correlation Function). Experimental results show the proposed hybrid watermarking estimates the watermark signal correctly than the conventional spatial watermarking.