A behavioral approach to information retrieval system design
Journal of Documentation
PERSIVAL, a system for personalized search and summarization over multimedia healthcare information
Proceedings of the 1st ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
Application of session analysis to search interface design
ECDL'10 Proceedings of the 14th European conference on Research and advanced technology for digital libraries
AICS'09 Proceedings of the 20th Irish conference on Artificial intelligence and cognitive science
Scientific discovery: a view from the trenches
DS'06 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Discovery Science
Dynamically generating context-relevant sub-webs
DESRIST'10 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Global Perspectives on Design Science Research
Annual Review of Information Science and Technology
Spatial context in collaborative information seeking
Journal of Information Science
Collaborative interpretation in land change science meta-studies
Proceedings of the companion publication of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work & social computing
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Scientists engage in the discovery process more than any other user population, yet their day-to-day activities are often elusive. One activity that consumes much of a scientist's time is developing models that balance contradictory and redundant evidence. Driven by our desire to understand the information behaviors of this important user group, and the behaviors of scientific discovery in general, we conducted an observational study of academic research scientists as they resolved different experimental results reported in the biomedical literature. This article is the first of two that reports our findings. In this article, we introduce the Collaborative Information Synthesis (CIS) model that reflects the salient information behaviors that we observed. The CIS model emerges from a rich collection of qualitative data including interviews, electronic recordings of meetings, meeting minutes, e-mail communications, and extraction worksheets. Our findings suggest that scientists provide two information constructs: a hypothesis projection and context information. They also engage in four critical tasks: retrieval, extraction, verification, and analysis. The findings also suggest that science is not an individual but rather a collaborative activity and that scientists use the results of one analysis to inform new analyses. In Part 2, we compare and contrast existing information and cognitive models that have inadvertently reported synthesis, and then provide five recommendations that will enable designers to build information systems that support the important synthesis activity. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.