Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice
Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice
Smart dust protocols for local detection and propagation
Proceedings of the second ACM international workshop on Principles of mobile computing
Wireless sensor networks: a survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks
HICSS '00 Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences-Volume 8 - Volume 8
A Sleep-Awake Protocol for Information Propagation in Smart Dust Networks
IPDPS '03 Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing
Geographic routing without location information
Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Towards realistic mobility models for mobile ad hoc networks
Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Energy Efficient Protocols for Sensing Multiple Events in Smart Dust Networks
ANSS '04 Proceedings of the 37th annual symposium on Simulation
ANSS '04 Proceedings of the 37th annual symposium on Simulation
Beacon vector routing: scalable point-to-point routing in wireless sensornets
NSDI'05 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 2
Real-world environment models for mobile network evaluation
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Simple and efficient geographic routing around obstacles for wireless sensor networks
WEA'07 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Experimental algorithms
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In this work, we propose an obstacle model to be used while simulating wireless sensor networks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time such an integrated and systematic obstacle model appears. We define several types of obstacles that can be found inside the deployment area of a wireless sensor network and provide a categorization of these obstacles, based on their nature (physical and communication obstacles), their shape, as well as their nature to change over time. In light of this obstacle model we conduct extensive simulations in order to study the effects of obstacles on the performance of representative data propagation protocols for wireless sensor networks. Our findings show that obstacle presence has a significant impact on protocol performance. Also, we demonstrate the effect of each obstacle type on different protocols, thus providing the network designer with advice on which protocol is best to use.