Bureaucracies as deontic systems
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
On the characterization of law and computer systems: the normative systems perspective
Deontic logic in computer science
A computational theory of normative positions
ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL) - Special issue devoted to Robert A. Kowalski
Formal Specification of Security Requirements using the Theory of Normative Positions
ESORICS '92 Proceedings of the Second European Symposium on Research in Computer Security
Action Concepts for Describing Organised Interaction
HICSS '97 Proceedings of the 30th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences: Advanced Technology Track - Volume 5
Fundamental legal concepts: a formal and teleological characterisation
Artificial Intelligence and Law
Legal Theory, Sources of Law and the Semantic Web
Proceedings of the 2009 conference on Legal Theory, Sources of Law and the Semantic Web
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The theory of normative positions attempts to apply a combination of deontic logic and a logic of action/agency to the formalisation of the 'Hohfeldian concepts' (duty, right, power, privilege, etc.) and other complex normative relations between agents. This paper is concerned with the practical applicability of the theory to such tasks as formalising the content of an existing set of regulations, designing a new set of regulations, or refining aspects of a computer system specification, with particular attention to the usefulness of the action component as a representational device. Points are made by reference to a simple example concerning rules in a car park. The second part of the paper covers three simple extensions: the representation of 'permitted to bring about', a treatment of interpersonal control relations, and the ability to distinguish between being permitted to bring about a new state of affairs and being permitted to sustain a state of affairs that already exists.