Three "quantum" algorithms to solve 3-SAT

  • Authors:
  • Alberto Leporati;Sara Felloni

  • Affiliations:
  • Università degli Studi di MilanoBicocca, Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Via Bicocca degli Arcimboldi 8, 20126 Milano, Italy;Università degli Studi di MilanoBicocca, Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e Comunicazione, Via Bicocca degli Arcimboldi 8, 20126 Milano, Italy

  • Venue:
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Year:
  • 2007

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Abstract

In this paper we borrow some ideas from quantum computing, and we propose three ''quantum'' brute force algorithms to solve the 3-SAT NP-complete decision problem. The first algorithm builds, for any instance @f of 3-SAT, a quantum Fredkin circuit that computes a superposition of all classical evaluations of @f in a given output line. Similarly, the second and third algorithms compute the same superposition on a given register of a quantum register machine, and as the energy of a given membrane in a quantum P system, respectively. Assuming that a specific non-unitary operator, built using a truncated version of the well known creation and annihilation operators, can be realized as a quantum gate, as an instruction of the quantum register machine, and as a rule of the quantum P system, respectively, we show how to decide whether @f is a positive instance of 3-SAT. The construction relies also upon the assumption that an external observer is able to discriminate, as the result of a measurement, a null vector from a non-null vector.