Vector quantization and signal compression
Vector quantization and signal compression
On a class of fuzzy classification maximum likelihood procedures
Fuzzy Sets and Systems
On parameter estimation for normal mixtures based on fuzzy clustering algorithms
Fuzzy Sets and Systems
Digital image processing
A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems
Communications of the ACM
Cryptography and data security
Cryptography and data security
A new encryption algorithm for image cryptosystems
Journal of Systems and Software
ICPADS '02 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Competitive learning and soft competition for vector quantizerdesign
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
New directions in cryptography
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Image encryption for secure Internet multimedia applications
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
A virtual image cryptosystem based upon vector quantization
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Color in image and video processing: most recent trends and future research directions
Journal on Image and Video Processing - Color in Image and Video Processing
Hi-index | 0.01 |
In this paper, an invisible hybrid color image hiding scheme based on spread vector quantization (VQ) neural network with penalized fuzzy c-means (PFCM) clustering technology (named SPFNN) is proposed. The goal is to offer safe exchange of a color stego-image in the internet. In the proposed scheme, the secret color image is first compressed by a spread-unsupervised neural network with PFCM based on interpolative VQ (IVQ), then the block cipher Data Encryption Standard (DES) and the Rivest, Shamir and Adleman (RSA) algorithms are hired to provide the mechanism of a hybrid cryptosystem for secure communication and convenient environment in the internet. In the SPFNN, the penalized fuzzy clustering technology is embedded in a two-dimensional Hopfield neural network in order to generate optimal solutions for IVQ. Then we encrypted color IVQ indices and sorted the codebooks of secret color image information and embedded them into the frequency domain of the cover color image by the Hadamard transform (HT). Our proposed method has two benefits comparing with other data hiding techniques. One is the high security and convenience offered by the hybrid DES and RSA cryptosystems to exchange color image data in the internet. The other benefit is that excellent results can be obtained using our proposed color image compression scheme SPFNN method.