Layered coding vs. multiple descriptions for video streaming over multiple paths
MULTIMEDIA '03 Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia
An improvement to multiple description transform coding
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
The MPEG-4 fine-grained scalable video coding method for multimediastreaming over IP
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Design of multiple description scalar quantizers
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Multiple description coding using pairwise correlating transforms
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Distributed video streaming using multiple description coding and unequal error protection
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Very low bit-rate video coding based on matching pursuits
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Multiple-description video coding using motion-compensated temporal prediction
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Matching pursuits multiple description coding for wireless video
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Multiple description video coding for scalable and robust transmission over IP
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Balanced multiple description video coding using optimal partitioning of the DCT coefficients
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Survey of error recovery techniques for IP-based audio-visual multicast applications
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
Standard-compliant multiple description video coding over packet loss network
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
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A Multiple Description Video Codec is presented, suitable for high-quality digital video transmission. The method works in the DCT domain, and associates to each descriptor two data sources: a subset of the original transform coefficients, and side information concerning the position and magnitude of the remaining coefficients. When one or more descriptors are (partially) lost, the side information is used at the decoder to interpolate the missing coefficients, thus achieving a better reconstruction. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is greatly enhanced by the use of a JPEG-like syntax and an efficient 3D-VLC in the encoding of the overhead information. This choice makes also easier and natural the integration of the MDC scheme in most DCT-based standard encoders such as M-JPEG and MPEG-1/2. With respect to previous approaches to MDC, the proposed strategy is characterized by a limited overhead and a reduced impact in terms of computational complexity. Furthermore, the coefficient selection strategy allows splitting the video stream into an arbitrary number of descriptors, overcoming a major limitation of most MDC schemes. These features make the proposed method suitable for real-time applications of video delivery, especially in wireless environments where the computational complexity is usually performed by low-power devices. As far as the reconstruction quality is concerned, extensive experimental sessions demonstrated that the loss of one descriptor produces a slight degradation in a two-descriptors scheme, while it is almost seamless in a three-descriptors scheme.