System architecture directions for networked sensors
ASPLOS IX Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Dynamic Power Management in Wireless Sensor Networks
IEEE Design & Test
Asynchronous wakeup for ad hoc networks
Proceedings of the 4th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
The nesC language: A holistic approach to networked embedded systems
PLDI '03 Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2003 conference on Programming language design and implementation
MANTIS: system support for multimodAl NeTworks of in-situ sensors
WSNA '03 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international conference on Wireless sensor networks and applications
Performance measurements of motes sensor networks
MSWiM '04 Proceedings of the 7th ACM international symposium on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
A wireless sensor network For structural monitoring
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Dynamic power management using on demand paging for networked embedded systems
Proceedings of the 2005 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Telos: enabling ultra-low power wireless research
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
A modular power-aware microsensor with 1000X dynamic power range
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Design of a wireless sensor network platform for detecting rare, random, and ephemeral events
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
The emergence of networking abstractions and techniques in TinyOS
NSDI'04 Proceedings of the 1st conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation - Volume 1
Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks: a survey
IEEE Wireless Communications
A study of low level vibrations as a power source for wireless sensor nodes
Computer Communications
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Evaluating a BASIC approach to sensor network node programming
Proceedings of the 7th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
Hibernets: energy-efficient sensor networks using analog signal processing
Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks
Energy optimization in wireless medical systems using physiological behavior
WH '10 Wireless Health 2010
Energy efficient E-textile based portable keyboard
Proceedings of the 17th IEEE/ACM international symposium on Low-power electronics and design
SENST*: approaches for reducing the energy consumption of smartphone-based context recognition
CONTEXT'11 Proceedings of the 7th international and interdisciplinary conference on Modeling and using context
Behavior-oriented data resource management in medical sensing systems
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
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Existing sensor network architectures are based on the assumption that data will be polled. Therefore, they are not adequate for long-term battery-powered use in applications that must sense or react to events that occur at unpredictable times. In response, and motivated by a structural autonomous crack monitoring (ACM) application from civil engineering that requires bursts of high resolution sampling in response to aperiodic vibrations in buildings and bridges, we have designed, implemented, and evaluated lucid dreaming, a hardware--software technique to dramatically decrease sensor node power consumption in this and other event-driven sensing applications. This work makes the following main contributions: (1) we have identified the key mismatches between existing, polling-based, sensor network architectures and event-driven applications; (2) we have proposed a hardware--software technique to permit the power-efficient use of sensor networks in event-driven applications; (3) we have analytically characterized the situations in which the proposed technique is appropriate; and (4) we have designed, implemented, and tested a hardware-software solution for standard Crossbow motes that embodies the proposed technique. In the building and bridge structural integrity monitoring application, the proposed technique achieves 1/245 the power consumption of existing sensor network architectures, thereby dramatically increasing battery lifespan or permitting operation based on energy scavenging. We believe that the proposed technique will yield similar benefits in a wide range of applications. Printed circuit board specification files permitting reproduction of the current implementation are available for free use in research and education.