Subsumption in KL-ONE is undecidable
Proceedings of the first international conference on Principles of knowledge representation and reasoning
Midwinters, end games, and body parts: a classification of part-whole relations
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special issue: the role of formal ontology in the information technology
Partonomic reasoning as taxonomic reasoning in medicine
AAAI '99/IAAI '99 Proceedings of the sixteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence and the eleventh Innovative applications of artificial intelligence conference innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Data & Knowledge Engineering
Mereotopological reasoning about parts and (w)holes in bio-ontologies
Proceedings of the international conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems - Volume 2001
Creating Semantic Web Contents with Protégé-2000
IEEE Intelligent Systems
OilEd: A Reason-able Ontology Editor for the Semantic Web
KI '01 Proceedings of the Joint German/Austrian Conference on AI: Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Description logics with aggregates and concrete domains
Information Systems
Pushing the envelope: challenges in a frame-based representation of human anatomy
Data & Knowledge Engineering
A reference ontology for biomedical informatics: the foundational model of anatomy
Journal of Biomedical Informatics - Special issue: Unified medical language system
Decidability of SHIQ with complex role inclusion axioms
Artificial Intelligence
The Description Logic Handbook
The Description Logic Handbook
An Algebra for Composing Ontologies
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference (FOIS 2006)
Formalizing Ontology Alignment and its Operations with Category Theory
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Formal Ontology in Information Systems: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference (FOIS 2006)
IJCAI'05 Proceedings of the 19th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
A formal theory for spatial representation and reasoning in biomedical ontologies
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Part-whole reasoning in an object-centered framework
Part-whole reasoning in an object-centered framework
CEL: a polynomial-time reasoner for life science ontologies
IJCAR'06 Proceedings of the Third international joint conference on Automated Reasoning
Spatial relations between classes of individuals
COSIT'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Spatial Information Theory
Guest editorial: Ontological foundations for biomedical sciences
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Event-based topology for dynamic planar areal objects
International Journal of Geographical Information Science
A spatio-temporal ontology for geographic information integration
International Journal of Geographical Information Science
From top-level to domain ontologies: ecosystem classifications as a case study
COSIT'07 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Spatial information theory
Using an ECG reference ontology for semantic interoperability of ECG data
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
Ontological foundations for conceptual part-whole relations: the case of collectives and their parts
CAiSE'11 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Advanced information systems engineering
Relationships and relata in ontologies and thesauri: Differences and similarities
Applied Ontology - Ontologies and Terminologies: Continuum or Dichotomy?
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Objective: We compare the advantages of specifying the semantics of foundational relations in bio-medical terminology systems using different types of formal deductive systems: first-order logic (FOL) and description logics (DLs). Method: As our focus example, we use a terminology whose basic terms are supposed to designate proper parthood relations, subdivision relations, and surrounded-by relations. Each type of relation captures an important and distinct aspect of the spatial organization of anatomical structures: the general part-whole structure (proper parthood), the division of salient anatomical objects into discrete, tree-like structures (subdivision-of), and the nesting of anatomical objects into containers (surrounded-by). We show that all three types of relations are strict partial orderings (i.e., asymmetric and transitive). Ontologies whose purpose is to specify the semantics of terms referring to these types of relations must include axioms strong enough to formally distinguish among them. We compare the extent to which axioms characterizing proper parthood, subdivision, and surrounded-by relations can be represented in first-order logic and various description logics. Conclusions: The development of bio-medical ontologies requires a rigorous formal analysis of foundational relations. Different kinds of formal tools may be used in this process. Ideally, an analysis in a highly expressive language, such as first-order logic, should be worked out in conjunction with analyses in less expressive but computationally tractable deductive systems such as description logics.