Predictive Learning, Prediction Errors, and Attention: Evidence from Event-related Potentials and Eye Tracking

Authors:
A. J. Wills;A. Lavric;G. S. Croft;T. L. Hodgson
Affiliations:
-;-;-;-
Venue:
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Year:
2007

Citing 2
Cited 2

Toward a unified model of attention in associative learning

Journal of Mathematical Psychology
Spatial selective attention affects early extrastriate but not striate components of the visual evoked potential

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

Selection of strategies in judgment-based effort estimation

Journal of Systems and Software
Feedback-related brain potential activity complies with basic assumptions of associative learning theory

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract

Prediction error (“surprise”) affects the rate of learning: We learn more rapidly about cues for which we initially make incorrect predictions than cues for which our initial predictions are correct. The current studies employ electrophysiological measures to reveal early attentional differentiation of events that differ in their previous involvement in errors of predictive judgment. Error-related events attract more attention, as evidenced by features of event-related scalp potentials previously implicated in selective visual attention (selection negativity, augmented anterior N1). The earliest differences detected occurred around 120 msec after stimulus onset, and distributed source localization (LORETA) indicated that the inferior temporal regions were one source of the earliest differences. In addition, stimuli associated with the production of prediction errors show higher dwell times in an eye-tracking procedure. Our data support the view that early attentional processes play a role in human associative learning.