Periodicity and unbordered words: A proof of the extended duval conjecture

  • Authors:
  • Tero Harju;Dirk Nowotka

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Turku, Turku, Finland;University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

  • Venue:
  • Journal of the ACM (JACM)
  • Year:
  • 2007

Quantified Score

Hi-index 0.01

Visualization

Abstract

The relationship between the length of a word and the maximum length of its unbordered factors is investigated in this article. Consider a finite word w of length n. We call a word bordered if it has a proper prefix, which is also a suffix of that word. Let μ(w) denote the maximum length of all unbordered factors of w, and let ∂(w) denote the period of w. Clearly, μ(w) ≤ ∂(w). We establish that μ(w) = ∂(w), if w has an unbordered prefix of length μ(w) and n ≥ 2μ(w) − 1. This bound is tight and solves the stronger version of an old conjecture by Duval [1983]. It follows from this result that, in general, n ≥ 3μ(w) − 3 implies μ(w) = ∂(w), which gives an improved bound for the question raised by Ehrenfeucht and Silberger in 1979.