University of Colorado dialog systems for travel and navigation
HLT '01 Proceedings of the first international conference on Human language technology research
Efficient dialogue strategy to find users' intended items from information query results
COLING '02 Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 1
COLING '04 Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Computational Linguistics
Response-based confidence annotation for spoken dialogue systems
SIGdial '08 Proceedings of the 9th SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue
SigDIAL '06 Proceedings of the 7th SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue
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This paper provides improved confidence assessment for detection of word-level speech recognition errors and out-of-domain user requests using language model features. We consider a combined measure of confidence that utilizes the language model back-off sequence, language model score, and phonetic length of recognized words as indicators of speech recognition confidence. The paper investigates the ability of each feature to detect speech recognition errors and out-of-domain utterances as well as two methods for combining the features contextually: a multi-layer perceptron and a statistical decision tree. We illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm by considering utterances from the ATIS airline information task as either in-domain and out-of-domain for the DARPA Communicator task. Using this hand-labeled data, it is shown that 27.9% of incorrectly recognized words and 36.4% of out-of-domain phrases are detected at a 2.5% false alarm rate.