The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Merging the Internet and the Cellular Worlds, Second Edition
The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Merging the Internet and the Cellular Worlds, Second Edition
A programmable message classification engine for session initiation protocol (SIP)
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM/IEEE Symposium on Architecture for networking and communications systems
SIP message classification: design and performance
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
Automatic Adaptation and Analysis of SIP Headers Using Decision Trees
Principles, Systems and Applications of IP Telecommunications. Services and Security for Next Generation Networks
SIPFIX: a scheme for distributed SIP monitoring
IM'09 Proceedings of the 11th IFIP/IEEE international conference on Symposium on Integrated Network Management
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Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a control-plane protocol for multiple services such as VoIP, Instant Messaging and Presence, and in addition, is key to IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). A SIP message consists of plain-text headers and their corresponding values, which are used to route the message between one or more endpoints, resulting in a media session. These headers and values are often transformed/re-written at intermediate SIP servers ("proxies"). It is important to monitor the flow and transformation of such messages in real-time, for functional testing of a SIP overlay network containing malfunctioning or ill-configured SIP entities, or for efficient run-time SIP network operation, including problem determination and load balancing. Towards that end, we have designed and implemented a programmable in-kernel Linux SIP message classification engine. The classifier can be configured to intercept incoming and outgoing SIP messages from a server, extract appropriate message meta-data including distinguishing header-value pairs and their transformations, and forward the same to a monitoring engine. The engine collates this information from different classifiers across the network, to infer the state of a SIP call on individual servers on the call path as well as aggregated call-state.