Term-weighting approaches in automatic text retrieval
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
The use of term position devices in ranked output experiments
Journal of Documentation
Evaluation of an inference network-based retrieval model
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) - Special issue on research and development in information retrieval
Probabilistic models in information retrieval
The Computer Journal - Special issue on information retrieval
Some aspects of proximity searching in text retrieval systems
Journal of Information Science
Approaches to passage retrieval in full text information systems
SIGIR '93 Proceedings of the 16th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Passage-level evidence in document retrieval
SIGIR '94 Proceedings of the 17th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A language modeling approach to information retrieval
Proceedings of the 21st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A general language model for information retrieval (poster abstract)
Proceedings of the 22nd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Effective ranking with arbitrary passages
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Document language models, query models, and risk minimization for information retrieval
Proceedings of the 24th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Relevance based language models
Proceedings of the 24th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A study of smoothing methods for language models applied to Ad Hoc information retrieval
Proceedings of the 24th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Model-based feedback in the language modeling approach to information retrieval
Proceedings of the tenth international conference on Information and knowledge management
Two-stage language models for information retrieval
SIGIR '02 Proceedings of the 25th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Passage retrieval based on language models
Proceedings of the eleventh international conference on Information and knowledge management
Quantitative evaluation of passage retrieval algorithms for question answering
Proceedings of the 26th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in informaion retrieval
Language Modeling for Information Retrieval
Language Modeling for Information Retrieval
A formal study of information retrieval heuristics
Proceedings of the 27th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
An information retrieval model using the fuzzy proximity degree of term occurences
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM symposium on Applied computing
A Markov random field model for term dependencies
Proceedings of the 28th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
An exploration of axiomatic approaches to information retrieval
Proceedings of the 28th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Term proximity scoring for ad-hoc retrieval on very large text collections
SIGIR '06 Proceedings of the 29th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Term proximity scoring for keyword-based retrieval systems
ECIR'03 Proceedings of the 25th European conference on IR research
Investigation of partial query proximity in web search
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on World Wide Web
Lexical cohesion and term proximity in document ranking
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Selecting good expansion terms for pseudo-relevance feedback
Proceedings of the 31st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Exploiting proximity feature in bigram language model for information retrieval
Proceedings of the 31st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Proximity Scoring Using Sentence-Based Inverted Index for Practical Full-Text Search
ECDL '08 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries
Term Impacts as Normalized Term Frequencies for BM25 Similarity Scoring
SPIRE '08 Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on String Processing and Information Retrieval
Part of Speech Based Term Weighting for Information Retrieval
ECIR '09 Proceedings of the 31th European Conference on IR Research on Advances in Information Retrieval
Document relevance assessment via term distribution analysis using fourier series expansion
Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries
Compressing term positions in web indexes
Proceedings of the 32nd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Building enriched document representations using aggregated anchor text
Proceedings of the 32nd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Learning in a pairwise term-term proximity framework for information retrieval
Proceedings of the 32nd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A proximity language model for information retrieval
Proceedings of the 32nd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Positional language models for information retrieval
Proceedings of the 32nd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
High precision retrieval using relevance-flow graph
Proceedings of the 32nd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Learning to Rank for Information Retrieval
Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval
To divide and conquer search ranking by learning query difficulty
Proceedings of the 18th ACM conference on Information and knowledge management
Geographic information retrieval to suit immediate surroundings
Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems
Word or phrase?: learning which unit to stress for information retrieval
ACL '09 Proceedings of the Joint Conference of the 47th Annual Meeting of the ACL and the 4th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing of the AFNLP: Volume 2 - Volume 2
Improving Text Rankers by Term Locality Contexts
AIRS '09 Proceedings of the 5th Asia Information Retrieval Symposium on Information Retrieval Technology
Improving web search relevance with semantic features
EMNLP '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: Volume 2 - Volume 2
The Probabilistic Relevance Framework: BM25 and Beyond
Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval
Learning concept importance using a weighted dependence model
Proceedings of the third ACM international conference on Web search and data mining
Completely-arbitrary passage retrieval in language modeling approach
AIRS'08 Proceedings of the 4th Asia information retrieval conference on Information retrieval technology
An evaluation and analysis of incorporating term dependency for ad-hoc retrieval
ECIR'08 Proceedings of the IR research, 30th European conference on Advances in information retrieval
Proceedings of the 33rd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
How good is a span of terms?: exploiting proximity to improve web retrieval
Proceedings of the 33rd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Positional relevance model for pseudo-relevance feedback
Proceedings of the 33rd international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Examining the information retrieval process from an inductive perspective
CIKM '10 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
Efficient term proximity search with term-pair indexes
CIKM '10 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
Using various term dependencies according to their utilities
CIKM '10 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
An analysis of learned proximity functions
RIAO '10 Adaptivity, Personalization and Fusion of Heterogeneous Information
Diagnostic Evaluation of Information Retrieval Models
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Modeling term proximity for probabilistic information retrieval models
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Score-consistent algebraic optimization of full-text search queries with GRAFT
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of data
Key concepts identification and weighting in search engine queries
APWeb'11 Proceedings of the 13th Asia-Pacific web conference on Web technologies and applications
CRTER: using cross terms to enhance probabilistic information retrieval
Proceedings of the 34th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in Information Retrieval
A boosting approach to improving pseudo-relevance feedback
Proceedings of the 34th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in Information Retrieval
Unsupervised query segmentation using clickthrough for information retrieval
Proceedings of the 34th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in Information Retrieval
Parameterized concept weighting in verbose queries
Proceedings of the 34th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in Information Retrieval
Lexical and Syntactic knowledge for Information Retrieval
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
A New Language Model Combining Single and Compound Terms
WI-IAT '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology - Volume 01
Lower-bounding term frequency normalization
Proceedings of the 20th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
Finding images of difficult entities in the long tail
Proceedings of the 20th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
Automatic query reformulation with syntactic operators to alleviate search difficulty
Proceedings of the 20th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
Does word sense disambiguation improve information retrieval?
Proceedings of the fourth workshop on Exploiting semantic annotations in information retrieval
High-performance processing of text queries with tunable pruned term and term pair indexes
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Ontology-based proximity search
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications and Services
Query aspect based term weighting regularization in information retrieval
ECIR'2010 Proceedings of the 32nd European conference on Advances in Information Retrieval
Improving retrievability of patents in prior-art search
ECIR'2010 Proceedings of the 32nd European conference on Advances in Information Retrieval
An empirical study of SLDA for information retrieval
AIRS'11 Proceedings of the 7th Asia conference on Information Retrieval Technology
Relation based term weighting regularization
ECIR'12 Proceedings of the 34th European conference on Advances in Information Retrieval
A log-logistic model-based interpretation of TF normalization of BM25
ECIR'12 Proceedings of the 34th European conference on Advances in Information Retrieval
To index or not to index: time-space trade-offs in search engines with positional ranking functions
SIGIR '12 Proceedings of the 35th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Proximity-based rocchio's model for pseudo relevance
SIGIR '12 Proceedings of the 35th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Robust ranking models via risk-sensitive optimization
SIGIR '12 Proceedings of the 35th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Modeling higher-order term dependencies in information retrieval using query hypergraphs
SIGIR '12 Proceedings of the 35th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A scalable approach for performing proximal search for verbose patent search queries
Proceedings of the 21st ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management
Assisting code search with automatic query reformulation for bug localization
Proceedings of the 10th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories
Creating a billion-scale searchable web archive
Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on World Wide Web companion
Learning joint query interpretation and response ranking
Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on World Wide Web
Proximity2-aware ranking for textual, temporal, and geographic queries
Proceedings of the 22nd ACM international conference on Conference on information & knowledge management
Permutation indexing: fast approximate retrieval from large corpora
Proceedings of the 22nd ACM international conference on Conference on information & knowledge management
Exploiting proximity feature in statistical translation models for information retrieval
Proceedings of the 22nd ACM international conference on Conference on information & knowledge management
Enhancement of passage scorers by proximity-based term occurrence weighting
International Journal of Intelligent Information and Database Systems
Document vector representations for feature extraction in multi-stage document ranking
Information Retrieval
Semantic concept-enriched dependence model for medical information retrieval
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
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In most existing retrieval models, documents are scored primarily based on various kinds of term statistics such as within-document frequencies, inverse document frequencies, and document lengths. Intuitively, the proximity of matched query terms in a document can also be exploited to promote scores of documents in which the matched query terms are close to each other. Such a proximity heuristic, however, has been largely under-explored in the literature; it is unclear how we can model proximity and incorporate a proximity measure into an existing retrieval model. In this paper,we systematically explore the query term proximity heuristic. Specifically, we propose and study the effectiveness of five different proximity measures, each modeling proximity from a different perspective. We then design two heuristic constraints and use them to guide us in incorporating the proposed proximity measures into an existing retrieval model. Experiments on five standard TREC test collections show that one of the proposed proximity measures is indeed highly correlated with document relevance, and by incorporating it into the KL-divergence language model and the Okapi BM25 model, we can significantly improve retrieval performance.