Least and most colored bases

  • Authors:
  • Francesco Maffioli;Romeo Rizzi;Stefano Benati

  • Affiliations:
  • Dipartimento di Elettronica, Politecnico di Milano, Italy;Dipartimento di Matematica ed Informatica, Universití di Udine, Italy;Dipartimento di Sociologia e Ricerca sociale, Universití di Trento, Italy

  • Venue:
  • Discrete Applied Mathematics
  • Year:
  • 2007

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Abstract

Consider a matroid M=(E,B), where B denotes the family of bases of M, and assign a color c(e) to every element e@?E (the same color can go to more than one element). The palette of a subset F of E, denoted by c(F), is the image of F under c. Assume also that colors have prices (in the form of a function @p(@?), where @? is the label of a color), and define the chromatic price as: @p(F)=@?"@?"@?"c"("F")@p(@?). We consider the following problem: find a base B@?B such that @p(B) is minimum. We show that the greedy algorithm delivers a lnr(M)-approximation of the unknown optimal value, where r(M) is the rank of matroid M. By means of a reduction from SETCOVER, we prove that the lnr(M) ratio cannot be further improved, even in the special case of partition matroids, unless NP@?DTIME(n^l^o^g^l^o^g^n). The results apply to the special case where M is a graphic matroid and where the prices @p(@?) are restricted to be all equal. This special case was previously known as the minimum label spanning tree (MLST) problem. For the MLST, our results improve over the ln(n-1)+1 ratio achieved by Wan, Chen and Xu in 2002. Inspired by the generality of our results, we study the approximability of coloring problems with different objective function @p(F), where F is a common independent set on matroids M"1,...,M"k and, more generally, to independent systems characterized by the k-for-1 property.