3D interactive mobile navigator structure and 2D map in campus environment using GPS
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Mobile Computing and Multimedia
Stability routing with constrained path length for improved routability in dynamic MANETs
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
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Following a brief introduction to pedestrian navigation and dead-reckoning methods, the characteristics of the current global navigation satellite system (GNSS), namely the US global positioning system (GPS), and its suitability for pedestrian navigation are reviewed. Error sources affecting system performance under both line-of-sight and attenuated signal conditions are described. Attenuated signals can now be acquired and tracked under certain indoor environments, but accuracy and other performance measures are degraded. Pedestrian navigation examples under the forestry canopy and indoor are used to show not only performance but also performance variability as a function of the environment. The use of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) to aid GPS is introduced. Their advantages and limitations are described through the use of an urban canyon test in a city core, a very harsh RF environment due to signal multipath. It is found that although MEMS aiding substantially improve performance, test conditions have a major impact on actual performance. As a consequence, enough test results are not available at this time to fully characterize performance as a function of the environment due to the high variability of the latter. Accuracy, for instance, varied between 15 and 150聽m in the few tests deported herein. Finally, a few predictions are made regarding potential future improvements.