Fast and accurate text classification via multiple linear discriminant projections

  • Authors:
  • Soumen Chakrabarti;Shourya Roy;Mahesh V. Soundalgekar

  • Affiliations:
  • IIT, Bombay;IIT, Bombay;IIT, Bombay

  • Venue:
  • VLDB '02 Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Very Large Data Bases
  • Year:
  • 2002

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Abstract

Support vector machines (SVMs) have shown superb performance for text classification tasks. They are accurate, robust, and quick to apply to test instances. Their only potential drawback is their training time and memory requirement. For n training instances held in memory, the best-known SVM implementations take time proportional to na, where a is typically between 1.8 and 2.1. SVMs have been trained on data sets with several thousand instances, but Web directories today contain millions of instances which are valuable for mapping billions of Web pages into Yahoo!-like directories. We present SIMPL, a nearly linear-time classification algorithm which mimics the strengths of SVMs while avoiding the training bottleneck. It uses Fisher's linear discriminant, a classical tool from statistical pattern recognition, to project training instances to a carefully selected low-dimensional subspace before inducing a decision tree on the projected instances. SIMPL uses efficient sequential scans and sorts, and is comparable in speed and memory scalability to widely-used naive Bayes (NB) classifiers, but it beats NB accuracy decisively. It not only approaches and sometimes exceeds SVM accuracy, but also beats SVM running time by orders of magnitude. While developing SIMPL, we also make a detailed experimental analysis of the cache performance of SVMs.