Basic category theory for computer scientists
Basic category theory for computer scientists
Introduction to artificial life
Introduction to artificial life
Open problems in artificial life
Artificial Life - Special issue on the Artificial Life VII: looking backward, looking forward
A new kind of science
Artificial Life
The creation of novelty in artificial chemistries
ICAL 2003 Proceedings of the eighth international conference on Artificial life
Distributed online evolution: an algebraic problem?
CEC'09 Proceedings of the Eleventh conference on Congress on Evolutionary Computation
Evolutionary automata as foundation of evolutionary computation: Larry Fogel was right
CEC'09 Proceedings of the Eleventh conference on Congress on Evolutionary Computation
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Robert Rosen's central theorem states that organisms are fundamentally different from machines, mainly because they are “closed with respect to effcient causation.” The proof for this theorem rests on two crucial assumptions. The first is that for a certain class of systems (“mechanisms”) analytic modeling is the inverse of synthetic modeling. The second is that aspects of machines can be modeled using relational models and that these relational models are themselves refined by at least one analytic model. We show that both assumptions are unjustified. We conclude that these results cast serious doubts on the validity of Rosen's proof.