The Java Language Specification
The Java Language Specification
The Real-Time Specification for Java
Computer
Priority Inheritance Protocols: An Approach to Real-Time Synchronization
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Evaluating Real-Time Java Features and Performance for Real-Time Embedded Systems
RTAS '02 Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS'02)
Evaluation of the real-time Java runtime environment for deployment in time-critical systems
Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Java Technologies for Real-Time and Embedded Systems
Region-Based RTSJ Memory Management: State of the art
Science of Computer Programming
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The Real-Time Specification for Java (RTSJ) is a set of interfaces and behavioural specifications that allow for realtime programming in Java. It is designed to support both hard and soft real-time applications. Among its major features are: scheduling properties, asynchronous event handling, asynchronous transfer of control and enhanced memory management. Since the release of the RTSJ, many implementations have been developed conformant to this specification. Their performance on certain aspects of the RTSJ can vary greatly. For real-time programmers it is important to highlight these variations so that the most suitable implementation is chosen for the application being developed. This paper evaluates the performance of two commercial releases according to specific features of the RTSJ. The two implementations we choose are Java RTS (Java Real-Time System) from Sun-Microsystems and JamaicaVM from Aicas which are both widely used in academia and industry. Efficiency and predictability, which are important considerations when designing a real-time application, are considered. Specifically, the features analysed are: memory allocation, thread management, synchronisation and asynchronous event handling. This evaluation will benefit the development and improvement of future RTSJ implementations.