Dialogue act modeling for automatic tagging and recognition of conversational speech
Computational Linguistics
DATE: a dialogue act tagging scheme for evaluation of spoken dialogue systems
HLT '01 Proceedings of the first international conference on Human language technology research
Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of Darpa Communicator spoken dialogue systems
ACL '01 Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Comparing several aspects of human-computer and human-human dialogues
SIGDIAL '01 Proceedings of the Second SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue - Volume 16
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing - Special issue on multimodal processing in speech-based interactions
Usage patterns and latent semantic analyses for task goal inference of multimodal user interactions
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
A corpus-based approach for cooperative response generation in a dialog system
ISCSLP'06 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Chinese Spoken Language Processing
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This paper describes a study of the interdependencies among dialog acts, task goals and discourse inheritance in mixed-initiative dialogs in the restaurants domain. Our study is based on 199 dialogs, with disjoint training (169 dialogs) and test sets (30 dialogs). The training set is annotated manually in terms of task goals and dialog acts and tagged automatically in terms of semantic and syntactic categories for each request (from the customer) and response (from the waiter). Based on observations from the process of annotation, we have written a set of category inheritance and refresh rules, which constitute our selective inheritance strategy. We compared the selective strategy with two control strategies -- (i) no categories are inherited; and (ii) all categories are inherited throughout the dialog session. Comparison is based on the automatic identification of task goals and dialog acts. The selective inheritance strategy outperformed the two control strategies and identified the correct task goals for 92.6% of the dialog turns and the correct dialog acts for 97.8% of the utterances in the test set. We have also developed a discourse inheritance procedure which correctly handled 95.9% of the dialog turns in the test set.