Communications of the ACM
The Strength of Weak Learnability
Machine Learning
Neural Network-Based Face Detection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Boosting in the limit: maximizing the margin of learned ensembles
AAAI '98/IAAI '98 Proceedings of the fifteenth national/tenth conference on Artificial intelligence/Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
An adaptive version of the boost by majority algorithm
COLT '99 Proceedings of the twelfth annual conference on Computational learning theory
Machine Learning
Detecting Faces in Images: A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Statistical Learning of Multi-view Face Detection
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part IV
Some Theoretical Aspects of Boosting in the Presence of Noisy Data
ICML '01 Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Machine Learning
MadaBoost: A Modification of AdaBoost
COLT '00 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory
ICML '01 Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Machine Learning
Training Support Vector Machines: an Application to Face Detection
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
AAAI'96 Proceedings of the thirteenth national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
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Robust face detection in complex airport environment is a challenging task. The complexity in such detection systems stems from the variances in image background, view, illumination, articulation, and facial expression. This paper presents the S-Ada Boost, a new variant of AdaBoost developed for the face detection system for airport operators (FDAO). In face detection application, the contribution of the S-Ada Boost algorithm lies in its use of AdaBoost's distribution weight as a dividing tool to split up the input face space into inlier and outlier face spaces and its use of dedicated classifiers to handle the inliers and outliers in their corresponding spaces. The results of the dedicated classifiers are then nonlinearly combined. Compared with the leading face detection approaches using both the data obtained from the complex airport environment and some popular face database repositories, FDAO's experimental results clearly show its effectiveness in handling real complex environment in airports.