On the performance of ad hoc networks with beamforming antennas
MobiHoc '01 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
Multiple antenna systems: their role and impact in future wireless access
IEEE Communications Magazine
A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Characterization and analysis of multi-hop wireless MIMO network throughput
Proceedings of the 8th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
A robust approach to carrier sense for MIMO ad hoc networks
ICC'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Communications
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A medium access control (MAC) protocol (NULLHOC) for ad hoc networks of nodes with antenna arrays is presented. The antenna array is used for transmit and receive beamforming with the purpose of increasing spatial reuse by directing nulls at active transmitters and receivers in the neighborhood. In contrast to previous work with directional antennas, our approach is applicable to multipath channels, such as occur indoors or in other rich scattering environments. The MAC protocol is designed to support the control information exchange needed to direct nulls toward other users involved in existing communication sessions. Knowledge of the channel coefficients between a transmitter or receiver and its neighbors is used to design transmit or receive beamformer weights that implement the requisite nulling. Simulations are used to demonstrate the improvements in throughput and transmit powers that are obtained in this approach relative to the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. We also analyze the effects of channel estimation errors on our protocol and propose a simple modification of the basic NULLHOC protocol to minimize their impact.