A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting
EuroCOLT '95 Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Computational Learning Theory
Robust Real-Time Face Detection
International Journal of Computer Vision
Detection of Anchor Points for 3D Face Veri.cation
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03
Facial expression recognition for multiplayer online games
Proceedings of the 3rd Australasian conference on Interactive entertainment
Independent component analysis and support vector machine for face feature extraction
AVBPA'03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication
A comparison of methods for multiclass support vector machines
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
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Although detailed animation has already been achieved in a number of Multi-player On-line Games (MOGs), players have to use text commands to control emotional states of avatars. Some systems have been proposed to implement a real-time automatic system facial expression recognition of players. Such systems can then be used to control avatars emotional states by driving the MOG's "animation engine" instead of text commands. Some of the challenges of such systems is the ability to detect and recognize facial components from low spatial resolution face images. In this paper a system based on an improved face detection method of Viola and Jones is proposed to serve the MOGs better. In addition a robust coarse-to-fine facial landmark localization method is proposed. The proposed system is evaluated by testing it on a database different from the training database and achieved 83% recognition rate for 4 emotional state expressions. The system is able to operate over a wider range of distance from user to camera.