Practical Combinatorial Testing: Beyond Pairwise

  • Authors:
  • Rick Kuhn;Yu Lei;Raghu Kacker

  • Affiliations:
  • US National Institute of Standards and Technology;University of Texas, Arlington;US National Institute of Standards and Technology

  • Venue:
  • IT Professional
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

Many software developers have encountered failures that occur only as the result of an interaction between two components. For example, a Web application might work correctly on Linux/Apache or Windows/IIS platforms but fail when run on a Windows XP box running an Apache server. The application error is triggered by an interaction of two components: the operating system and the Web server. Testers often use pairwise testing—all pairs of parameter values—to detect such interactions. Combinatorial testing beyond pairwise is rarely used because good algorithms for higher strength combinations, such as four-way or more, have not been available. Nevertheless, empirical evidence shows that some errors are triggered only by the interaction of three, four, or more parameters. With new algorithms and tools, developers can apply high-strength combinatorial testing capable of detecting these elusive errors.