Wireless information networks
Probability and Random Processes For EE's (3rd Edition)
Probability and Random Processes For EE's (3rd Edition)
Time of arrival estimation for UWB localizers in realistic environments
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Maximum likelihood coordinate registration for over-the-horizonradar
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Hidden Markov Models for Radio Localization in Mixed LOS/NLOS Conditions
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Channel models for ultrawideband personal area networks
IEEE Wireless Communications
Indoor geolocation in the absence of direct path
IEEE Wireless Communications
A Measurement-Based Statistical Model for Industrial Ultra-Wideband Channels
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Wideband radio propagation modeling for indoor geolocation applications
IEEE Communications Magazine
Indoor geolocation science and technology
IEEE Communications Magazine
Transmission techniques for radio LAN's-a comparative performance evaluation using ray tracing
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
The ultra-wide bandwidth indoor channel: from statistical model to simulations
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
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The existence of undetected direct path (UDP) conditions causes occurrence of unexpected large random ranging errors which pose a serious challenge to precise indoor localization using time of arrival (ToA). Therefore, analysis of the behavior of the ranging error is essential for the design of precise To A-based indoor localization systems. In this paper, we propose a novel analytical framework for the analysis of the dynamic spatial variations of ranging error observed by a mobile user based on an application of Markov chain. The model relegates the behavior of ranging error into four main categories associated with four states of the Markov process. The parameters of distributions of ranging error in each Markov state are extracted from empirical data collected from a measurement calibrated ray tracing (RT) algorithm simulating a typical office environment. The analytical derivation of parameters of the Markov model employs the existing path loss models for the first detected path and total multipath received power in the same office environment. Results of simulated errors from the Markov model and actual errors from empirical data show close agreement.