A survey of insulin-dependent diabetes-part I: therapies and devices

  • Authors:

  • Daisuke Takahashi;Yang Xiao;Fei Hu;Michael Lewis

  • Affiliations:

  • Department of Computer Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL;Department of Computer Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL;Department of Computer Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY;Department of Computer Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY

  • Venue:
  • International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications - Regular issue
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

This paper surveys diabetes therapies from telemedicine viewpoint. In type 1 diabetes therapies, the exogenous insulin replacement is generally considered as a primary treatment. However, the complete replacement of exogenous insulin is still a challenging issue because of its complexity of modeling the dynamics, which is typically modeled nonlinearly. On the other hand, thanks to the progress of medical devices, currently the diabetes therapies are being automated. These medical devices include automated insulin pumps and blood glucose sensors. Insulin pumps are designed to create artificial insulin perfusion while they largely rely on the blood glucose profile measurements and these measurements are achieved by one or more blood glucose sensors. The blood glucose measurements are also important for the insulin-dependent diabetes therapies. An insulin pump along with sensors establishes a good feedback system providing the appropriate amount of the exogenous insulin on demand. Controlling the amount of exogenous insulin to suppress the blood glucose levels requires complicated computations. This paper mostly explains both type 1 and 2 diabetes and their mechanisms accompanied by descriptions of diabetes therapy and medical devices currently utilized in the therapy.