Perspectives: improving SSH-style host authentication with multi-path probing

  • Authors:
  • Dan Wendlandt;David G. Andersen;Adrian Perrig

  • Affiliations:
  • Carnegie Mellon University;Carnegie Mellon University;Carnegie Mellon University

  • Venue:
  • ATC'08 USENIX 2008 Annual Technical Conference on Annual Technical Conference
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

The popularity of "Trust-on-first-use" (Tofu) authentication, used by SSH and HTTPS with self-signed certificates, demonstrates significant demand for host authentication that is low-cost and simple to deploy. While Tofu-based applications are a clear improvement over completely insecure protocols, they can leave users vulnerable to even simple network attacks. Our system, PERSPECTIVES, thwarts many of these attacks by using a collection of "notary" hosts that observes a server's public key via multiple network vantage points (detecting localized attacks) and keeps a record of the server's key over time (recognizing short-lived attacks). Clients can download these records on-demand and compare them against an unauthenticated key, detecting many common attacks. PERSPECTIVES explores a promising part of the host authentication design space: Trust-on-first-use applications gain significant attack robustness without sacrificing their ease-of-use. We also analyze the security provided by PERSPECTIVES and describe our experience building and deploying a publicly available implementation.