Dynamic fine-grained localization in Ad-Hoc networks of sensors
Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Range-free localization schemes for large scale sensor networks
Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Secure verification of location claims
WiSe '03 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM workshop on Wireless security
Error characteristics of ad hoc positioning systems (aps)
Proceedings of the 5th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
An Analysis of Error Inducing Parameters in Multihop Sensor Node Localization
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
ROPE: robust position estimation in wireless sensor networks
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Secure Location Verification Using Radio Broadcast
IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
Location verification using communication range variation for wireless sensor networks
MILCOM'06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE conference on Military communications
A study of localization metrics: Evaluation of position errors in wireless sensor networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Location error estimation in wireless ad hoc networks
Ad Hoc Networks
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Secure wireless sensor networks (WSNs) must be able to associate a set of reported data with a valid location. Many algorithms exist for the localization service that determines a WSN node's location, and current research is developing for location verification, where the network must determine whether or not a node's claimed location is valid (or invalid). However, the interaction of these two services creates another challenge, since there is no method to distinguish between benign errors, e.g., errors that are inherent to the localization technique, and malicious errors, e.g., errors due to a node's deceptive location report. In this paper, we study the problem of inherent localization errors and their impact on the location verification service. We propose a localization and location verification (LLV) server model, and define categories of LLV schemes for discrete and continuous resolution. We then designate two metrics to measure the impact of inherent localization errors-the probability of verification (for the discrete location verification schemes) and the CDF of the deviation distance (for the continuous location verification schemes)-to analyze the performance of each LLV category. Numerical results show that a proper tuning mechanism is needed to tolerate even small inherited estimation errors, otherwise the location verification can result in the rejection of almost all nodes. In addition, we propose several location verification feedback (LV-FEED) algorithms to improve the localization accuracy. Analysis of these algorithms shows that a significant improvement in localization accuracy can be accomplished in a few iterations of executing the location verification feedback schemes.