Intelligence without representation
Artificial Intelligence
An introduction to genetic algorithms
An introduction to genetic algorithms
Introduction to AI Robotics
Artificial Life: An Overview
Robot Shaping: An Experiment in Behavior Engineering
Robot Shaping: An Experiment in Behavior Engineering
Tracking the Red Queen: Measurements of Adaptive Progress in Co-Evolutionary Simulations
Proceedings of the Third European Conference on Advances in Artificial Life
Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Evolutionary Robotics
Evolutionary Robotics: The Biology, Intelligence, and Technology of Self-Organizing Machines
Evolutionary Robotics: The Biology, Intelligence, and Technology of Self-Organizing Machines
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We investigate how it is possible to shape robot behaviour adopting a molecular or molar point of view. These two ways to approach the issue are inspired by Learning Psychology, whose famous representatives suggest different ways of intervening on animal behaviour.Starting from this inspiration, we apply these two solutions to Evolutionary Robotics' models. Two populations of simulated robots, controlled by Artificial Neural Networks are evolved using Genetic Algorithms to wander in a rectangular enclosure. The first population is selected by measuring the wandering behaviour at micro-actions level, the second one is evaluated by considering the macro-actions level. Some robots are evolved with a molecular fitness function, while some others with a molar fitness function. At the end of the evolutionary process, we evaluate both populations of robots on behavioral, evolutionary and latent-learning parameters.Choosing what kind of behaviour measurement must be employed in an evolutionary run depends on several factors, but we underline that a choice that is based on self-organization, emergence and autonomous behaviour principles, the basis Evolutionary Robotics lies on, is perfectly in line with a molar fitness function.