Maximum entropy models for natural language ambiguity resolution
Maximum entropy models for natural language ambiguity resolution
A hybrid text classification approach for analysis of student essays
HLT-NAACL-EDUC '03 Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL 03 workshop on Building educational applications using natural language processing - Volume 2
Opportunities for Natural Language Processing Research in Education
CICLing '09 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing
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Due to some progress on the natural language processing (NLP) front, researchers are able to pursue the problem of automatic content assessment for free text responses with some success. In particular, a concept-based scoring method implemented in c-rater, Educational Testing Service's (ETS) technology for content scoring of short free-text answers makes c-rater capable of giving instantaneous formative individualized feedback without going fully into a dialog-based system nor restricting itself to just canned hints and corrective prompts.