The society of mind
Artificial Intelligence - Chips challenging champions: games, computers and Artificial Intelligence
User-Centered Web Site Development: A Human-Computer Interaction Approach
User-Centered Web Site Development: A Human-Computer Interaction Approach
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Since Chase and Simon presented their influential paper on perception in chess in 1973, the use of chunks has become the subject of a number of studies into the cognitive behavior of human game players. However, the nature of chunks has remained elusive, and the reason for this lies in the lack of using a general cognitive theory to explain the nature of chunks. In this paper it will be argued that Marvin Minsky's Society of Mindtheory is a good candidate for a cognitive theory to define chunks and to explain the relation between chunks and problem-solving tasks. To use Minsky's Society of Mindtheory to model human cognitive behavior in games, we first need to understand more about the primitive agents dealing with the relation between perception and knowledge in memory. To investigate this relation, a reproduction experiment is performed in shogi showing that perception is guided by knowledge in long-term memory. From the results we may conclude that the primitive agents in a cognitive model for game-playing should represent abstract concepts such as board, piece, and kingrather than the perceptual features of board and pieces.