Modeling and performance of MEMS-based storage devices
Proceedings of the 2000 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
A survey of design techniques for system-level dynamic power management
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems - Special section on low-power electronics and design
Quantitative comparison of power management algorithms
DATE '00 Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Designing computer systems with MEMS-based storage
ASPLOS IX Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Physical Modeling of Probe-Based Storage
MSS '01 Proceedings of the Eighteenth IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies
Power Conservation Strategies for MEMS-Based Storage Devices
MASCOTS '02 Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunications Systems
Awarded Best Paper! - Using MEMS-Based Storage in Disk Arrays
FAST '03 Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
Using MEMS-based storage in computer systems---MEMS storage architectures
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
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Because of its small form factor, high capacity, and expected low cost, MEMS-based storage is a suitable storage technology for mobile systems. MEMS-based storage devices should also be energy efficient for deployment in mobile systems. The problem is that MEMS-based storage devices are mechanical, and thus consume a large amount of energy when idle. Therefore, a power management (PM) policy is needed that maximizes energy saving while minimizing performance degradation. In this work, we quantitatively demonstrate the optimality of the fixed-timeout PM policy for MEMS-based storage devices. Because the media sled is suspended by springs across the head array in MEMS-based storage devices, we show that these devices (1) lack mechanical startup overhead and (2) exhibit small shutdown overhead. As a result, we show that the combination of a PM policy, that fixes the timeout in the range of 1--10 ms, and a shutdown policy, that exploits the springs, results in a near-optimal energy saving yet at a negligible loss in performance.