Building efficient wireless sensor networks with low-level naming
SOSP '01 Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Negotiation-based protocols for disseminating information in wireless sensor networks
Wireless Networks - Selected Papers from Mobicom'99
Maté: a tiny virtual machine for sensor networks
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Efficient code distribution in wireless sensor networks
WSNA '03 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international conference on Wireless sensor networks and applications
TOSSIM: accurate and scalable simulation of entire TinyOS applications
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Fault Tolerant Energy Aware Data Dissemination Protocol in Sensor Networks
DSN '04 Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks
The dynamic behavior of a data dissemination protocol for network programming at scale
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Contiki - A Lightweight and Flexible Operating System for Tiny Networked Sensors
LCN '04 Proceedings of the 29th Annual IEEE International Conference on Local Computer Networks
TinyDB: an acquisitional query processing system for sensor networks
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS) - Special Issue: SIGMOD/PODS 2003
MNP: Multihop Network Reprogramming Service for Sensor Networks
ICDCS '05 Proceedings of the 25th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Run-time dynamic linking for reprogramming wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
NSDI'04 Proceedings of the 1st conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation - Volume 1
Energy-efficient on-demand reprogramming of large-scale sensor networks
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)
FlexCup: a flexible and efficient code update mechanism for sensor networks
EWSN'06 Proceedings of the Third European conference on Wireless Sensor Networks
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Wireless reprogramming of a sensor network is useful for uploading new code or for changing the functionality of existing code. Reprogramming may be done multiple times during a node's lifetime and therefore a node has to remain receptive to future code updates. Existing reprogramming protocols, including Deluge, achieve this by bundling the reprogramming protocol and the application as one code image which is transferred through the network. The reprogramming protocol being complex, the overall size of the program image that needs to be transferred over the wireless medium increases, thereby increasing the time and energy required for reprogramming a network. We present a protocol called Stream that significantly reduces this bloat by using the facility of having multiple code images on the node. It pre-installs the reprogramming protocol as one image and equips the application program with the ability to listen to new code updates and switch to this image. For a sample application, the increase in size of the application image is 1 page (48 packets of 36bytes each) for Stream and 11 pages for Deluge. Additionally, we design an opportunistic sleeping scheme whereby nodes can sleep during the period when reprogramming has been initiated but has not yet reached the neighborhood of the node. The savings become significant for large networks and for frequent reprogramming. We implement Stream on Mica2 motes and conduct testbed and simulation experiments to compare delay and energy consumption for different network sizes with respect to the state-of-the-art Deluge protocol.