Iconic indexing by 2-D strings
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Principles of pictorial information systems design
Principles of pictorial information systems design
2D C-string: a new spatial knowledge representation for image database systems
Pattern Recognition
VisualSEEk: a fully automated content-based image query system
MULTIMEDIA '96 Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Genetic Learning for Adaptive Image Segmentation
Genetic Learning for Adaptive Image Segmentation
Picture Similarity Retrieval Using the 2D Projection Interval Representation
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
ImageMap: An Image Indexing Method Based on Spatial Similarity
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
An Object-Oriented Fuzzy Data Model for Similarity Detection in Image Databases
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
A Region-Based Fuzzy Feature Matching Approach to Content-Based Image Retrieval
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Similarity assessment for cardinal directions between extended spatial objects
Similarity assessment for cardinal directions between extended spatial objects
2D Z-string: a new spatial knowledge representation for image databases
Pattern Recognition Letters
Image Database Design Based on 9D-SPA Representation for Spatial Relations
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Pattern Recognition Letters
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Graph-based representation for similarity retrieval of symbolic images
Data & Knowledge Engineering
Multiple-instance image database retrieval by spatial similarity based on Interval Neighbor Group
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval
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In this paper, we presented a novel image representation method to capture the information about spatial relationships between objects in a picture. Our method is more powerful than all other previous methods in terms of accuracy, flexibility, and capability of discriminating pictures. In addition, our method also provides different degrees of granularity for reasoning about directional relations in both 8- and 16-direction reference frames. In similarity retrieval, our system provides twelve types of similarity measures to support flexible matching between the query picture and the database pictures. By exercising a database containing 3600 pictures, we successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of our image retrieval system. Experiment result showed that 97.8% precision rate can be achieved while maintaining 62.5% recall rate; and 97.9% recall rate can be achieved while maintaining 51.7% precision rate. On an average, 86.1% precision rate and 81.2% recall rate can be achieved simultaneously if the threshold is set to 0.5 or 0.6. This performance is considered to be very good as an information retrieval system.