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ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
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Real-Time Systems
Synchronization in Real-Time Systems: A Priority Inheritance Approach
Synchronization in Real-Time Systems: A Priority Inheritance Approach
Priority Inheritance Protocols: An Approach to Real-Time Synchronization
IEEE Transactions on Computers
The Performance of Spin Lock Alternatives for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Semaphore Queue Priority Assignment for Real-Time Multiprocessor Synchronization
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Negative Results for Scheduling Independent Hard Real-Time Tasks with Self-Suspensions
RTSS '04 Proceedings of the 25th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium
LITMUS^RT: A Testbed for Empirically Comparing Real-Time Multiprocessor Schedulers
RTSS '06 Proceedings of the 27th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium
Soft real-time scheduling on multiprocessors
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ECRTS '07 Proceedings of the 19th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems
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RTCSA '07 Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications
RTCSA '08 Proceedings of the 2008 14th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications
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RTAS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium
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ECRTS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems
Partitioning real-time systems on multiprocessors with shared resources
OPODIS'10 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Principles of distributed systems
Sharing resources among independently-developed systems on multi-cores
ACM SIGBED Review
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Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
Real-time resource-sharing under clustered scheduling: mutex, reader-writer, and k-exclusion locks
EMSOFT '11 Proceedings of the ninth ACM international conference on Embedded software
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Ada-Europe'10 Proceedings of the 15th Ada-Europe international conference on Reliable Software Technologies
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This paper presents a performance comparison of three multiprocessor real-time locking protocols: the multiprocessor priority ceiling protocol (M-PCP), the distributed priority ceiling protocol (D-PCP), and the flexible multiprocessor locking protocol (FMLP). In the FMLP, blocking is implemented via either suspending or spinning, while in the M-PCP and D-PCP, all blocking is by suspending. The presented comparison was conducted using a UNC-produced Linux extension called LITMUSRT. In this comparison, schedulability experiments were conducted in which runtime overheads as measured on LITMUSRT were used. In these experiments, the spin-based FMLP variant always exhibited the best performance, and the M-PCP and D-PCP almost always exhibited poor performance. These results call into question the practical viability of the M-PCP and D-PCP, which have been the de-facto standard for real-time multiprocessor locking for the last 20 years.