Negative Results for Scheduling Independent Hard Real-Time Tasks with Self-Suspensions

  • Authors:
  • Frederic Ridouard;Pascal Richard;Francis Cottet

  • Affiliations:
  • LISI-ENSMA;LISI-ENSMA;LISI-ENSMA

  • Venue:
  • RTSS '04 Proceedings of the 25th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium
  • Year:
  • 2004

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Abstract

In most real-time systems, tasks use remote operations that are executed upon dedicated processors. External operations introduce self-suspension delays in the behavior of tasks. This paper presents several negative results concerning scheduling independent hard real-time tasks with self-suspensions. Our main objective is to show that well-known scheduling policies such as fixed-priority or Earliest Deadline First are not efficient to schedule such task systems. We prove the scheduling problem to be NP-hard in the strong sense, even for synchronous task systems with implicit deadlines. We also show that scheduling anomalies can occur at run-time: reducing the execution requirement or the suspension delay of a task can lead the task system to be infeasible under EDF. Lastly, we present negative results on the worst-case performances of well-known scheduling algorithms (EDF, RM, DM, LLF, SRPTF) to maximize tasks completed by their deadlines.