Adaptation in natural and artificial systems
Adaptation in natural and artificial systems
Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection
Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection
Genetic programming II: automatic discovery of reusable programs
Genetic programming II: automatic discovery of reusable programs
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence: A Guide to Intelligent Systems
Artificial Intelligence: A Guide to Intelligent Systems
Genetic parallel programming: design and implementation
Evolutionary Computation
GECCO '96 Proceedings of the 1st annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Representation and structural difficulty in genetic programming
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Redundancy and computational efficiency in Cartesian genetic programming
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Genetic-based modeling of uplift capacity of suction caissons
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
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In this paper, we will apply genetic programming (GP) and co-evolution techniques to develop two strategies: the ghost (attacker) and players (survivors) in the Traffic Light Game (a popular game among children). These two strategies compete against each other. By applying the co-evolution technique alongside GP, each strategy is used as an ''imaginary enemy'' from which evolves (is trained in) another strategy. Based on this co-evolutionary process, these final strategies develop: the ghost can effectively capture the players, but the players can also escape from the ghost, rescue partners, and detour around obstacles. The development of these strategies has achieved phenomenal success. The results encourage us to develop more complex strategies or cooperative models such as human learning models, cooperative robotic models, and self-learning of virtual agents.