Transition network grammars for natural language analysis
Communications of the ACM
Responding intelligently to unparsable inputs
Computational Linguistics
Augmented phrase structure grammars
TINLAP '75 Proceedings of the 1975 workshop on Theoretical issues in natural language processing
Ungrammaticality and extra-grammaticality in natural language understanding systems
ACL '79 Proceedings of the 17th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Use of Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary to construct a master hyphenation list
AFIPS '82 Proceedings of the June 7-10, 1982, national computer conference
The EPISTLE text-critiquing system
IBM Systems Journal
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The experimental EPISTLE system is ultimately intended to provide office workers with intelligent applications for the processing of natural language text, particularly business correspondence. A variety of possible critiques of textual material are identified in this paper, but the discussion focuses on the system's capability to detect several classes of grammatical errors, such as disagreement in number between the subject and the verb. The system's error-detection performance relies critically on its parsing component which determines the syntactic structure of each sentence and the grammatical functions fulfilled by various phrases. Details of the system's operations are provided, and some of the future critiquing objectives are outlined.