Building a large annotated corpus of English: the penn treebank
Computational Linguistics - Special issue on using large corpora: II
COLING '98 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Computational linguistics - Volume 1
Structural ambiguity and lexical relations
ACL '91 Proceedings of the 29th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
The Penn Chinese TreeBank: Phrase structure annotation of a large corpus
Natural Language Engineering
Automatic predicate argument analysis of the Penn TreeBank
HLT '01 Proceedings of the first international conference on Human language technology research
An unsupervised approach to prepositional phrase attachment using contextually similar words
ACL '00 Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Annotating the propositions in the Penn Chinese Treebank
SIGHAN '03 Proceedings of the second SIGHAN workshop on Chinese language processing - Volume 17
The Proposition Bank: An Annotated Corpus of Semantic Roles
Computational Linguistics
Labeling chinese predicates with semantic roles
Computational Linguistics
Automatic semantic role labeling for Chinese verbs
IJCAI'05 Proceedings of the 19th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
The CoNLL-2009 shared task: syntactic and semantic dependencies in multiple languages
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
An iterative approach for joint dependency parsing and semantic role labeling
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Joint memory-based learning of syntactic and semantic dependencies in multiple languages
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Hybrid multilingual parsing with HPSG for SRL
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
A latent variable model of synchronous syntactic-semantic parsing for multiple languages
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Multilingual semantic role labeling
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Multilingual dependency-based syntactic and semantic parsing
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Multilingual dependency learning: a huge feature engineering method to semantic dependency parsing
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Efficient parsing of syntactic and semantic dependency structures
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Exploring multilingual semantic role labeling
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
A second-order joint eisner model for syntactic and semantic dependency parsing
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Multilingual semantic role labelling with Markov logic
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
The crotal SRL system: a generic tool based on tree-structured CRF
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Parsing syntactic and semantic dependencies for multiple languages with a pipeline approach
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Multilingual semantic parsing with a pipeline of linear classifiers
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
A joint syntactic and semantic dependency parsing system based on maximum entropy models
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
A simple generative pipeline approach to dependency parsing and semantic role labeling
CoNLL '09 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning: Shared Task
Language specific issue and feature exploration in Chinese event extraction
NAACL-Short '09 Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Short Papers
UMSLLS '09 Proceedings of the Workshop on Unsupervised and Minimally Supervised Learning of Lexical Semantics
Using parallel PropBanks to enhance word-alignments
ACL-IJCNLP '09 Proceedings of the Third Linguistic Annotation Workshop
Cross-lingual annotation projection of semantic roles
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Multilingual Propbank annotation tools: Cornerstone and Jubilee
HLT-DEMO '10 Proceedings of the NAACL HLT 2010 Demonstration Session
LAW IV '10 Proceedings of the Fourth Linguistic Annotation Workshop
COLING '10 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics
COLING '10 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics
Applying syntactic, semantic and discourse constraints in Chinese temporal annotation
COLING '10 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Posters
Analysis of the Hindi proposition bank using dependency structure
LAW V '11 Proceedings of the 5th Linguistic Annotation Workshop
Semantic mapping using automatic word alignment and semantic role labeling
SSST-5 Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Syntax, Semantics and Structure in Statistical Translation
Analysis of the difficulties in Chinese deep parsing
IWPT '11 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Parsing Technologies
Adaptive Bayesian HMM for Fully Unsupervised Chinese Part-of-Speech Induction
ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing (TALIP)
Multilingual joint parsing of syntactic and semantic dependencies with a latent variable model
Computational Linguistics
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We report work on adding semantic role labels to the Chinese Treebank, a corpus already annotated with phrase structures. The work involves locating all verbs and their nominalizations in the corpus, and semi-automatically adding semantic role labels to their arguments, which are constituents in a parse tree. Although the same procedure is followed, different issues arise in the annotation of verbs and nominalized predicates. For verbs, identifying their arguments is generally straightforward given their syntactic structure in the Chinese Treebank as they tend to occupy well-defined syntactic positions. Our discussion focuses on the syntactic variations in the realization of the arguments as well as our approach to annotating dislocated and discontinuous arguments. In comparison, identifying the arguments for nominalized predicates is more challenging and we discuss criteria and procedures for distinguishing arguments from non-arguments. In particular we focus on the role of support verbs as well as the relevance of event/result distinctions in the annotation of the predicate-argument structure of nominalized predicates. We also present our approach to taking advantage of the syntactic structure in the Chinese Treebank to bootstrap the predicate-argument structure annotation of verbs. Finally, we discuss the creation of a lexical database of frame files and its role in guiding predicate-argument annotation. Procedures for ensuring annotation consistency and inter-annotator agreement evaluation results are also presented.