Pedestrian navigation aids: information requirements and design implications
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Transcendent communication: location-based guidance for large-scale public spaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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SAINT '07 Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Applications and the Internet
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IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the 20th international joint conference on Artifical intelligence
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MMAS'04 Proceedings of the First international conference on Massively Multi-Agent Systems
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Navigation services for pedestrians are spreading in recent years. Our approach to provide personal navigation is to build a multi-agent system that assigns one guiding agent to each human. This paper attempts to demonstrate a design implication of the guiding agent. In the navigation experiment where a pedestrian using a map on a GPS-capable cellular phone was guided by a distant navigator, we observed the communication between them by conversation analysis. The result suggests that information required by a pedestrian were the current location, the current direction and a proper route toward a destination. The communications between a pedestrian and a navigator were based on a navigation map or a movement history. When a pedestrian did not understand the map adequately, navigation sometimes failed due to the lack of communication basis.