Automatically characterizing large scale program behavior
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
X-means: Extending K-means with Efficient Estimation of the Number of Clusters
ICML '00 Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Machine Learning
Recognizing End-User Transactions in Performance Management
Proceedings of the Seventeenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Twelfth Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Mining anomalies using traffic feature distributions
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
OSDI'04 Proceedings of the 6th conference on Symposium on Opearting Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 6
Vigilant: out-of-band detection of failures in virtual machines
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
Monitoring multi-tier clustered systems with invariant metric relationships
Proceedings of the 2008 international workshop on Software engineering for adaptive and self-managing systems
Black box methods for inferring parallel applications' properties in virtual environments
Black box methods for inferring parallel applications' properties in virtual environments
The reservoir model and architecture for open federated cloud computing
IBM Journal of Research and Development
Black-box and gray-box strategies for virtual machine migration
NSDI'07 Proceedings of the 4th USENIX conference on Networked systems design & implementation
PAL: Propagation-aware Anomaly Localization for cloud hosted distributed applications
SLAML '11 Managing Large-scale Systems via the Analysis of System Logs and the Application of Machine Learning Techniques
CloudScale: elastic resource scaling for multi-tenant cloud systems
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Autonomic computing
Performance troubleshooting in data centers: an annotated bibliography?
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
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In this work we present a simple, yet powerful, methodology for application-agnostic diagnostic and remediation of performance hot spots in elastic multi-tiered client/server applications, deployed as collections of black box Virtual Machines (VM). Our novel out-of-band black-box performance management system, Network Analysis for Remediating Performance Bottlenecks (NAP), listens to the TCP/IP traffic on the virtual network interfaces of the VMs comprising an application and analyzes statistical properties of this traffic. From this analysis, which is application independent and transparent to the VMs, NAP identifies performance bottlenecks that might effect application performance and derives remediation decisions that are most likely to alleviate the application performance degradation. We prototyped our solution for the Xen hypervisor and evaluated it using the popular Trade6 benchmark that simulates a typical e-commerce application. Our results show that NAP successfully identifies performance bottlenecks in a complex multi-tier application setting, while incurring negligible performance overhead.