Detecting LSB Steganography in Color and Gray-Scale Images
IEEE MultiMedia
Attacks on Steganographic Systems
IH '99 Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Information Hiding
Reliable detection of LSB steganography in color and grayscale images
MM&Sec '01 Proceedings of the 2001 workshop on Multimedia and security: new challenges
A Weighted Stego Image Detector for Sequential LSB Replacement
IAS '07 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Information Assurance and Security
Secret key estimation in sequential steganography
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Detection of LSB steganography via sample pair analysis
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Steganalysis using image quality metrics
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Passive steganalysis based on higher order image statistics of curvelet transform
International Journal of Automation and Computing
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We present a novel technique for effective steganalysis of high-color-depth digital images that have been subjected to embedding by LSB steganographic algorithms. The detection theory is based on the idea that under repeated embedding, the disruption of the signal characteristics is the highest for the first embedding and decreases subsequently. That is the marginal distortions due to repeated embeddings decrease monotonically. This decreasing distortion property exploited with Close Color Pair signature is used to construct the classifier that can distinguish between stego and cover images. For evaluation, a database composed of 1200 plain and stego images (at 10% and 20% payload and each one artificially adulterated with 20% additional data) was established. Based on this database, extensive experiments were conducted to prove the feasibility of our proposed system. Our main results are (i) a 90%+ positive-detection rate; (ii) Close Color Pair ratio is not modified significantly when additional bit streams are embedded into a test image that is already tampered with a message.; (iii) an image quality metric Czenakowski Measure, that is substantially sensitive to LSB embedding is utilized to derive the effective image adaptive threshold; (iv) capable of detecting stego images with an embedding of even 10% payload while the earlier methods can achieve the same detection rate only with 20% payload.