A reactive role assignment for data routing in event-based wireless sensor networks

  • Authors:
  • Eduardo F. Nakamura;Heitor S. Ramos;Leandro A. Villas;Horacio A. B. F. de Oliveira;Andre L. L. de Aquino;Antonio A. F. Loureiro

  • Affiliations:
  • Computer Science Lab, Research and Technological Innovation Center (FUCAPI), Danilo Areosa de Matos, 381, 69075-351, Manaus, AM, Brazil;Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, PO Box 702, 30123-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, PO Box 702, 30123-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Amazonas, Rodrigo Octavio Jordao, 3000, Setor Norte, 69077-000, Manaus, AM, Brazil;Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, PO Box 702, 30123-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, PO Box 702, 30123-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

  • Venue:
  • Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
  • Year:
  • 2009

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Abstract

In this work, we show how we can design a routing protocol for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to support an information-fusion application. Regarding the application, we consider that WSNs apply information fusion techniques to detect events in the sensor field. Particularly, in event-driven scenarios there might be long intervals of inactivity. However, at a given instant, multiple sensor nodes might detect one or more events, resulting in high traffic. To save energy, the network should be able to remain in a latent state until an event occurs, then the network should organize itself to properly detect and notify the event. Based on the premise that we have an information-fusion application for event detection, we propose a role assignment algorithm, called Information-Fusion-based Role Assignment (InFRA), to organize the network by assigning roles to nodes only when events are detected. The InFRA algorithm is a distributed heuristic to the minimal Steiner tree, and it is suitable for networks with severe resource constraints, such as WSNs. Theoretical analysis shows that, in some cases, our algorithm has a O(1)-approximation ratio. Simulation results show that the InFRA algorithm can use only 70% of the communication resources spent by a reactive version of the Centered-at-Nearest-Source algorithm.