Linearizability: a correctness condition for concurrent objects
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Solution of a problem in concurrent programming control
Communications of the ACM
Nonatomic mutual exclusion with local spinning
Proceedings of the twenty-first annual symposium on Principles of distributed computing
The Performance of Spin Lock Alternatives for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Adaptive Mutual Exclusion with Local Spinning
DISC '00 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Distributed Computing
A Time Complexity Bound for Adaptive Mutual Exclusion
DISC '01 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Distributed Computing
An improved lower bound for the time complexity of mutual exclusion
Distributed Computing - Special issue: Selected papers from PODC '01
Adaptive and efficient abortable mutual exclusion
Proceedings of the twenty-second annual symposium on Principles of distributed computing
Shared-memory mutual exclusion: major research trends since 1986
Distributed Computing - Papers in celebration of the 20th anniversary of PODC
Randomized protocols for asynchronous consensus
Distributed Computing - Papers in celebration of the 20th anniversary of PODC
Synchronization Algorithms and Concurrent Programming
Synchronization Algorithms and Concurrent Programming
Proceedings of the twenty-sixth annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing
Tight RMR lower bounds for mutual exclusion and other problems
STOC '08 Proceedings of the fortieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Read/Write based fast-path transformation for FCFS mutual exclusion
SOFSEM'05 Proceedings of the 31st international conference on Theory and Practice of Computer Science
Group mutual exclusion in O(log n) RMR
Proceedings of the 29th ACM SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on Principles of distributed computing
Adaptive randomized mutual exclusion in sub-logarithmic expected time
Proceedings of the 29th ACM SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on Principles of distributed computing
Constant RMR solutions to reader writer synchronization
Proceedings of the 29th ACM SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium on Principles of distributed computing
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Mutual exclusion is a fundamental distributed coordination problem. Shared-memory mutual exclusion research focuses on local-spin algorithms and uses the remote memory references (RMRs) metric. A recent proof [9] established an Ω(log N) lower bound on the number of RMRs incurred by processes as they enter and exit the critical section, matching an upper bound by Yang and Anderson [18]. Both these bounds apply for algorithms that only use read and write operations. The lower bound of [9] only holds for deterministic algorithms, however; the question of whether randomized mutual exclusion algorithms, using reads and writes only, can achieve sub-logarithmic expected RMR complexity remained open. This paper answers this question in the affirmative. We present two strong-adversary [8] randomized local-spin mutual exclusion algorithms. In both algorithms, processes incur O(log N / log log N) expected RMRs per passage in every execution. Our first algorithm has sub-optimal worst-case RMR complexity of O(log N / log log N)2). Our second algorithm is a variant of the first that can be combined with a deterministic algorithm, such as [18], to obtain O(log N) worst-case RMR complexity. The combined algorithm thus achieves sub-logarithmic expected RMR complexity while maintaining optimal worst-case RMR complexity. Our upper bounds apply for both the cache coherent (CC) and the distributed shared memory (DSM) models.