SPINS: security protocols for sensor networks
Wireless Networks
JAM: A Jammed-Area Mapping Service for Sensor Networks
RTSS '03 Proceedings of the 24th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium
An adaptive energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Channel surfing and spatial retreats: defenses against wireless denial of service
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM workshop on Wireless security
Versatile low power media access for wireless sensor networks
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
The feasibility of launching and detecting jamming attacks in wireless networks
Proceedings of the 6th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Energy-efficient link-layer jamming attacks against wireless sensor network MAC protocols
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM workshop on Security of ad hoc and sensor networks
Nano-RK: An Energy-Aware Resource-Centric RTOS for Sensor Networks
RTSS '05 Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Real-Time Systems Symposium
WiseMAC: an ultra low power MAC protocol for the downlink of infrastructure wireless sensor networks
ISCC '04 Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Computers and Communications 2004 Volume 2 (ISCC"04) - Volume 02
FireFly: a cross-layer platform for real-time embedded wireless networks
Real-Time Systems
A case against routing-integrated time synchronization
Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
Interconnecting Smart Objects with IP: The Next Internet
Interconnecting Smart Objects with IP: The Next Internet
Spatio-temporal techniques for anti-jamming in embedded wireless networks
EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking
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Resilience to electromagnetic jamming and its avoidance are difficult problems. It is often both hard to distinguish malicious jamming from congestion in the broadcast regime and a challenge to conceal the activity patterns of the legitimate communication protocol from the jammer. In the context of energy-constrained wireless sensor networks, nodes are scheduled to maximize the common sleep duration and coordinate communication to extend their battery life. This results in well-defined communication patterns with possibly predictable intervals of activity that are easily detected and jammed by a statistical jammer. We present an anti-jamming protocol for sensor networks which eliminates spatio-temporal patterns of communication while maintaining coordinated and contention-free communication across the network. Our protocol, WisperNet, is time-synchronized and uses coordinated temporal randomization for slot schedules and slot durations at the link layer and adapts routes to avoid jammers in the network layer. Through analysis, simulation and experimentation we demonstrate that WisperNet reduces the efficiency of any statistical jammer to that of a random jammer, which has the lowest censorship-to-link utilization ratio. WisperNet has been implemented on the FireFly sensor network platform.