Interactive word alignment for language engineering
EACL '03 Proceedings of the tenth conference on European chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics - Volume 2
Robust sub-sentential alignment of phrase-structure trees
COLING '04 Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Computational Linguistics
Multi-dimensional annotation and alignment in an English-German translation corpus
NLPXML '06 Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on NLP and XML: Multi-Dimensional Markup in Natural Language Processing
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We have built a parallel treebank that includes word and phrase alignment. The alignment information was manually checked using a graphical tool that allows the annotator to view a pair of trees from parallel sentences. We found the compilation of clear alignment guidelines to be a difficult task. However, experiments with a group of students have shown that we are on the right track with up to 89% overlap between the student annotation and our own. At the same time these experiments have helped us to pin-point the weaknesses in the guidelines, many of which concerned unclear rules related to differences in grammatical forms between the languages.