The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual Web search engine
WWW7 Proceedings of the seventh international conference on World Wide Web 7
Stemming and its effects on TFIDF ranking (poster session)
SIGIR '00 Proceedings of the 23rd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT)
Scholarly use of the web: what are the key inducers of links to journal web sites?
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Analysis of anchor text for web search
Proceedings of the 26th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in informaion retrieval
Search engine coverage bias: evidence and possible causes
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
How do search engines respond to some non-English queries?
Journal of Information Science
The indexable web is more than 11.5 billion pages
WWW '05 Special interest tracks and posters of the 14th international conference on World Wide Web
The freshness of web search engine databases
Journal of Information Science
Inverted files for text search engines
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Google's PageRank and Beyond: The Science of Search Engine Rankings
Google's PageRank and Beyond: The Science of Search Engine Rankings
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Are raw RSS feeds suitable for broad issue scanning? A science concern case study
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Using Google distance to weight approximate ontology matches
Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web
Extracting accurate and complete results from search engines: Case study windows live
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Quantitative comparisons of search engine results
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Random sampling from a search engine's index
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
A three-year study on the freshness of web search engine databases
Journal of Information Science
Investigation of the accuracy of search engine hit counts
Journal of Information Science
Distribution based stemmer refinement
PReMI'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence
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In this study we investigated the stemming mechanisms of Google. We used its web interface and submitted many queries via a program. Stemming is the process of correlating morphologically similar words with one another. Search engines use stemming to match documents having one form of a word with queries having another form of the same word. We investigated the stemming mechanism of Google for three classes of words: singulars/plurals, combined words, and verbs with many postfixes. Our results indicate that Google uses a document-based algorithm for stemming. It evaluates each document separately and makes a decision to index or not for the conflated forms of the words it has. It indexes documents only for word forms that are semantically strongly correlated. While it indexes documents for singulars and plurals frequently, it rarely indexes documents for word forms with the postfixes of -able or -tively.