Smooth Analysis of the Condition Number and the Least Singular Value

  • Authors:
  • Terence Tao;Van Vu

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Mathematics, UCLA, Los Angeles 90095-1555;Department of Mathematics, Rutgers, Piscataway 08854

  • Venue:
  • APPROX '09 / RANDOM '09 Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop and 13th International Workshop on Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques
  • Year:
  • 2009

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Abstract

A few years ago, Spielman and Teng initiated the study of Smooth analysis of the condition number and the least singular value of a matrix. Let x be a complex variable with mean zero and bounded variance. Let N n be the random matrix of sie n whose entries are iid copies of x and M a deterministic matrix of the same size. The goal of smooth analysis is to estimate the condition number and the least singular value of M + N n . Spielman and Teng considered the case when x is gaussian. We are going to study the general case when x is arbitrary. Our investigation reveals a new and interesting fact that, unlike the gaussian case, in the general case the "core" matrix M does play a role in the tail bounds for the least singular value of M + N n . Consequently, our estimate involves the norm ||M || and it is a challenging question to determine the right magnitude of this involvement. When ||M || is relatively small, our estimate is nearly optimal and extends or refines several existing result.